Support service case

A support service case is a type of intervention that involves providing, or helping to provide, prevention, early intervention and services to a pregnant person or a young person.

Use a support service case to provide:

• help and support to a pregnant person—to increase their capacity to protect a child in need of protection following birth. (Refer to Support service case with a pregnant person.)
• ongoing support to a young person after they turn 18 when they have outstanding goals from their transition to adulthood plan. (Refer to Support service case with a young person.)

Support service case with a pregnant person

A support service case is offered to a pregnant person when an assessment has determined that an unborn child will be in need of protection after their birth. A support service case can only be opened with the consent of the pregnant person.

Case management responsibility for a support service case with a pregnant person will sit with the CSSC where the pregnant person resides, to ensure the pregnant person is linked to local supports prior to the birth of the child. (Refer to Procedure 5 Determine who is responsible for case management.)

The aim of providing support to the pregnant person is to decrease the risk of harm to the unborn child after their birth. Providing support as early as possible allows maximum time to address the child protection concerns before the baby’s birth. (Refer to the practice guide Respond to an unborn child.)

When supporting a pregnant person and deciding on any required intervention once a baby is born, it is crucial to understand risk factors and any protective factors that can mitigate the risk. For further guidance on risk of harm to infants, refer to the practice guides Assess harm and risk of harm and Respond to an unborn child. 

A child is at increased risk of abuse and neglect when they:

• have pre-natal exposure to alcohol and other drugs
• are from an unintended pregnancy
• are premature or have a low birth weight
• have a disability
• have sleeping or feeding issues.

A child is also at increased risk of abuse and neglect when their parent:

• uses alcohol or other drugs
• has mental health concerns
• is a victim or perpetrator of domestic and family violence
• has their own childhood trauma
• is young (under 20 years of age) or immature.

Babies are more vulnerable to harm as they are:

• unable to protect themselves and are reliant on their parent to attend to their needs
• are not able to communicate their needs
• are unable to seek assistance
• may be isolated from others who may act protectively.

Offer a support service case to a pregnant person

After the assessment, meet with the pregnant person to discuss:

• the purpose of the support service case (which is to assist the pregnant person to address the identified child protection concerns so that no further intervention by Child Safety is required)
• how the intervention will happen, including the need for regular reviews of the support plan
• the expectation that the pregnant person will actively work to address the identified concerns
• the need for Child Safety to take appropriate action if the newborn baby is assessed as being unsafe
• whether they consent to the support service case. (Provide the pregnant woman with the brochure Support service case - information for pregnant women.)

Record details of the discussion with the pregnant person in a consent for support service case consent type in Unify.

If the unborn child is Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander, discuss with the pregnant person:

• their right and (with their consent) the right of the unborn child’s family, to have an independent person facilitate their participation in decision making about a support plan. (Refer to Develop and record a support plan with a pregnant person whose unborn child is Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander.)
• whether they agree to the Family Participation Program contacting them to discuss how the service could support them in working with Child Safety (if this has not already occurred). If the pregnant person agrees to being contacted by the Family Participation Program, they will seek their consent for referral for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander family-led decision making and the CSO will complete the online referral form in the Queensland family support referral portal.

Record whether an independent person helped facilitate the participation of the pregnant person and an unborn child’s family during a support service case in the independent person form in Unify.

Take action when a pregnant person does not consent

If a pregnant person does not consent to a support service case regarding their unborn child or withdraws their consent at any time during the support service case, intervention cannot continue. If this occurs:

• Record details of the discussion with the pregnant person in a consent for support service case consent type in Unify. 
• Make every effort, including sending a follow-up letter to
  • alert the pregnant person to the potential risks identified to their unborn child after their birth
  • provide information to the pregnant person about support services in the community to assist them and their family prior to the birth of their child. If the unborn child is Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander, provide the pregnant person with information about the Family Wellbeing Service and the Family Participation Program. If it has not already occurred, seek their agreement for the Family Participation Program to contact them to discuss how the service could support them in working with Child Safety.
• Advise the pregnant person that either a new notification or a child protection order may be required when the child is born. (Do not provide this information to the pregnant person if it places the child at further risk after their birth.) 
• Complete and forward
  • an HRA Form 1 unborn child high risk alert (HRA Form 1)in Unify by selecting the new unborn child HRA  button in the planning tab in the assessment  case in Unify and 
    • select the hospital/s where the pregnant person is likely to give birth. (Refer to Queensland Health Unborn child high risk alert contact list)
    • record details of the nominated RIS, who will be notified upon the birth of the child by Queensland Health 
      and/or
    • forward a letter to the private or interstate hospital/s where the pregnant person is likely to give birth.
• In exceptional circumstances only, where the pregnant person is highly mobile and it is not possible to identify the hospitals where they are likely to give birth
  • complete the HRA Form 1 in Unify and select the email group  Statewide_HRA@csyw.qld.gov.au (this will ensure that the email will be sent to public hospital child protection staff throughout Queensland, and to the Mater Hospital
    and
  • send a letter to the private or interstate hospital/s where the pregnant woman may be likely to give birth (see note below). 
• Telephone the hospitals to confirm receipt of the HRA Form 1 or letter and attach the form and letter to the ongoing intervention case in Unify.
• Refer the matter to a SCAN team, if a multi-agency response is required.
• Provide the CSAHSC with a  Child Safety After Hours Service Centre: After Hours referral form  and all relevant information, including the HRA Form 1 and letter.
• Record a member of a mobile family alert on all relevant person profiles in Unify, where there is information to suggest the pregnant person is highly mobile.
• contact the pregnant person’s health practitioner (if known) to:
  • discuss the concerns identified
  • request that information be shared with relevant health professionals, such as the midwife or hospital social work services
  • ask that Child Safety be advised when the child is born.

If the pregnant person presents for delivery at a hospital that has received the HRA Form 1, the hospital will complete an 'HRA Form 2 unborn child high risk alert notification that pregnant woman has presented for delivery' (HRA Form 2) and send it to the RIS nominated in the HRA Form 1. 

If the matter relates to an unborn child who has already been assessed as 'in need of protection', or there is an open priority assessment with a CSSC, the RIS will advice the senior team leader of the relevant CSSC, either:

• the CSSC that completed the assessment with a child in need of protection outcome 
  or
• the CSSC that is is currently assessing the unborn child's need for protection after their birth

that the pregnant person has presented for delivery and an HRA Form 2 has been received. 

The CSSC is responsible for deciding the most appropriate type of ongoing intervention to open or whether to record a new notificaton if a current risk assessment is required.

If a pregnant person declines to participate in a support service case, but consents to a referral for support, consider a referral to:

• an intensive family support service. (Refer to Procedure 1 Referral to family support.)
• an Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Family Wellbeing Service, if the unborn child is Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander. (Refer to Refer a family to an Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Family Wellbeing Service.)

Develop and record a support plan with a pregnant person

Develop a Support plan in collaboration with the pregnant person and, if they consent, with their partner and their safety and support network. Develop the support plan as early as possible to allow time before the birth to address the child protection concerns.

The plan will identify actions and interventions to reduce the risks to their unborn child after their birth. It will also include any referrals to preventative and support services not currently involved with the pregnant person.

Attach the completed support plan to the ongoing intervention case in Unify. 

Develop and record a support plan with a pregnant person whose unborn child is Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander

Once arrangements have been made for an independent person (or the pregnant person has declined the involvement of an independent person); and the pregnant person has been given the opportunity to talk with the Family Participation Program about how they can support them in working with Child Safety (including facilitating family-led decision making to develop the support plan):

• Provide the pregnant person and the unborn child’s family with the opportunity to participate in support planning before the baby’s birth. Talk with the pregnant person and the unborn child’s family about
  • the unborn child’s family, community and culture, and how they can assist to address the identified child protection concerns and help prevent the need for further Child Safety involvement
  • which Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander support services to refer the pregnant person to (Refer to Family Wellbeing Services.)
  • how Child Safety can create a culturally safe space when working with the pregnant person and the family.
• Record whether an independent person helped facilitate the participation of the pregnant person or the unborn child's family in support planning in the independent person tab in Unify.
• Record the outcome of discussions with the pregnant person about referral  to the Family Participation Program and whether the Family Participation Program facilitated the development of the support plan, in an offer support/referral case note with in Unify.

Implement the support plan with a pregnant person

To implement the support plan with a pregnant person:

• Actively partner with them to achieve the support plan goals and actions within agreed timeframes.
• Maintain regular face-to-face and telephone contact.
• Support their referral to and engagement with the identified support services.
• Obtain information from them and, with their consent, their safety and support network, about their progress towards the support plan goals.

Assess new information or a change in circumstances that indicates increased risk to the unborn child’s safety after birth, in line with usual intake processes. (Refer to Procedure 1 Receive new child protection concerns. )

Review a support plan with a pregnant person

To review a support plan:

• Share and obtain updated information regarding what’s working well, the concerns, and what else needs to happen. Ensure this process occurs with
  • the pregnant person
    and
  • the family of the unborn child (if the pregnant person agrees to it)
    and
  • the safety and support network involved in the implementation of the support plan.
• Assess whether the goals of the support plan have been achieved and whether the likelihood of harm to the unborn child after their birth has been reduced (so the child will not be a child in need of protection).

Decide if intervention is required after the baby is born

Once a support plan with a pregnant person has been reviewed within the 4-week period before the estimated date of delivery, a decision can be made about what type of intervention, if any, is required after the baby is born.

If the support needs for the pregnant person have been met, the goals of the support plan have been achieved and it is assessed that the unborn child is not likely to be in need of protection at birth, refer to Close a support service case for a pregnant person.

If it is determined that the unborn child will be in need of protection from birth and therefore will require ongoing intervention, refer to Make arrangements if the unborn child is in need of protection after their birth.

Make arrangements if the unborn child is in need of protection after their birth

The unborn child may still be in need of protection once born, regardless of whether the pregnant person has continued to work with Child Safety via a support service case or has withdrawn their consent to intervention at any time during the case.

If a pregnant person withdraws their consent to the support service case and the unborn child remains in need of protection:

• Make all reasonable efforts, in person and in writing, to:
  • alert the pregnant person to the potential risks identified for their unborn child after their birth
  • provide information about support services in the community to assist them and their family before the child’s birth.
• Advise the pregnant person that either a new notification or a child protection order may be required when the child is born. (This information will not be provided to the pregnant person if it is likely to place the unborn child at further risk after their birth.)

If a pregnant person withdraws their consent to the support service case, or if they continue working with Child Safety via a support service case until the birth of their baby and there are concerns for the immediate safety of the unborn child following birth:

• Complete and forward
  • a HRA Form 1 unborn child high risk alert (HRA Form 1) by selecting the new unborn HRA button in the planning tab in the assessment case in Unify and
    • select the hospital/s where the pregnant person is likely to give birth (Refer to Queensland Health Unborn child high risk alert contact list.)
    • record details of the nominated RIS, who will be notified upon the birth of the child by Queensland Health
      and/or
  • forward a letter to the private or interstate hospitals where the pregnant person is likely to give birth. 
• In exceptional circumstances only, where the pregnant person is highly mobile and it is not possible to identify the hospitals where they are likely to give birth
  • complete the HRA Form 1 in Unify and select the email group  Statewide_HRA@csyw.qld.gov.au (this will ensure that the email will be sent to public hospital child protection staff throughout Queensland, and to the Mater Hospital)
    and
  • send a letter to the private or interstate hospital/s where the pregnant person may be likely to give birth (see note below).
• Telephone the hospitals to confirm receipt of the HRA Form 1 or letter and attach the letter, if relevant, to the ongoing intervention case in Unify.
• Provide the CSAHSC with a Child Safety After Hours Service Centre: After hours referral and all relevant information, including alink to the HRA Form 1 and letter.
• Refer the matter to a SCAN team, if a multi-agency response is required. (Refer to Suspected Child Abuse and Neglect (SCAN) Team System Manual.)
• Record details of all actions taken in an unborn child-risk at birth case note in the ongoing intervention case in Unify.
• Record a member of a mobile family alert on all relevant person profiles in Unify, when there is information to suggest the pregnant person is highly mobile.
• Contact the pregnant person's medical practitioner (if known) to
  • discuss the concerns identified
  • request that information be shared with relevant health professionals, such as the midwife or hospital social work services
  • ask that Child Safety be advised when the child is born.
• Recontact any services involved in the provision of support services to the pregnant person during the support service case to inform them that the pregnant person has withdrawn their consent to ongoing intervention.
• Advise the Family Participation Program that the pregnant person has withdrawn their consent to ongoing intervention, if it facilitated family-led decision making to develop or review the support plan.

If the pregnant person presents for delivery at a hospital that has received the HRA Form 1, the hospital will complete a HRA Form 2 and send it to the RIS nominated in the HRA Form 1. 

If the matter relates to an unborn child who has already been assessed as 'in need of protection', or there is an open priority response with a CSSC, the RIS will advise the senior team leader of the relevant CSSC, either:

• the CSSC that completed the assessment with a child in need of protection outcome
  or
• the CSSC that is currently assessing the unborn child's need for protection after their birth

that the pregnant person has presented for delivery and an HRA Form 2 has been received.

The CSSC is responsible for deciding the most appropriate type of onoing intervention to open or whether to record a new notification if a current risk assessment is required. 

Take action once the baby has been born

If the pregnant person has been working with Child Safety

If a pregnant person has been working with Child Safety via a support service case and the assessment is that the child will be in need of protection once born:

• Close the support service case. (Refer to Close a support service case for a pregnant person.)
• Open a new ongoing intervention case in Unify.
• Determine if there are new concerns that have not previously been assessed
  and
  • if there are new concerns, refer to Procedure 1 Receive new child protection concerns
  • if there are no new concerns, complete an initial safety assessment.

When there are no immediate harm indicators present within the household, with the consent of the parents:

• open an ongoing intervention case in Unify and continue working with the family (Refer to Intervention with parental agreement.)
• record details of the discussion with the parents in a consent for intervention with parental agreement consent type in Unify
• start case planning for the child. 

Where there are immediate harm indicators present within the household, determine if an immediate safety plan can be completed to allow the child to remain in the home, and consult with the senior team leader about the appropriate response or intervention required.

If immediate safety interventions cannot ensure a child’s immediate safety and a placement intervention is required, place a child using:

• a child protection care agreement (Refer to Use a child protection care agreement.)
  or
• a temporary custody order , while a decision is made about the most appropriate child protection order to meet the child’s safety, belonging and wellbeing needs. (Refer to Procedure 2 Respond to urgent circumstances—temporary custody order.)

If the pregnant person has not been working with Child Safety prior to the child’s birth

If the pregnant person did not consent to, or withdrew their consent to, work with Child Safety via a support service case and the assessment is that the child will be in need of protection after their birth:

• Make contact with the parent as soon as possible after the birth on the basis that the previous assessment identified the unborn child would be in need of protection once born.
• Determine if there are new concerns that have not previously been assessed
  and
  • if there are new concerns, refer to Procedure 1 Receive new child protection concerns
  • if there are no new concerns, complete an initial safety assessment.

When there are no immediate harm indicators present within the household, with the consent of the parents:

• open an ongoing intervention case inUnify (Refer to Intervention with parental agreement.)
• record details of the discussion with the parents in a consent for intervention with parental agreement consent type in Unify
• start case planning for the child. 

If there are immediate harm indicators present within the household, determine if an immediate safety plan can be completed to allow the child to remain in the home, and consult  the senior team leader about the appropriate response or intervention required.

If immediate safety interventions cannot ensure a child’s immediate safety and a placement intervention is required, place the child using:

• a child protection care agreement (Refer to Use a child protection care agreement.)
  or
• a temporary custody order while a decision is made about the most appropriate child protection order to meet the child’s safety, belonging and wellbeing needs. (Refer to Procedure 2 Respond to urgent circumstances—temporary custody order.)

For an Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander child, seek the parents agreement for the Family Participation Program to contact them to discuss how it may support the family in working with Child Safety. If the family agrees to being contacted, the Family Participation Program will seek their consent for referral and the CSO will complete the online referral form in the Queensland Family Support Referral portal.

Close a support service case for a pregnant person

It is appropriate to close a support service case with a pregnant person when:

• the support needs of the pregnant person have been met
• the pregnant person has given birth to a child, and a decision has been made about what, if any, further intervention is required
• the pregnant person withdraws consent for the ongoing intervention. If the unborn child is still in need of protection after their birth, refer to Make arrangements if the unborn child is in need of protection after their birth.

Before closing a support service case:

• Complete a review of the support plan with the pregnant person and, with their consent, with their safety and support network, to identify whether the goals of the support plan have been achieved
  and
  • if the goals have been achieved, proceed with steps for case closure
  • if the goals have not been achieved, seek the pregnant person’s consent to continue the support service case and develop a revised support plan to reduce the likelihood of future harm to the unborn child.
• Document the review process and outcome.
• Clarify with the pregnant person and with the safety and support network what agency and informal support will continue once Child Safety closes the case.

Following senior team leader approval of the decision to close the support service case:

• inform all parties of the decision to close the case, including the pregnant person (and their safety and support network if applicable)
  and
• close the case in Unify by completing the closure form.

Support service case with a young person

A support service case is offered to a young person with their consent,  when they require support after their eighteenth birthday and have previously been subject to either:

• a child protection order granting custody or guardianship to the chief executive
• a child protection order, where an approved carer was subsequently granted the long-term guardianship of the child.

Case management responsibility for a support service case with a young person who has turned 18 will sit with the CSSC that opens the support service case. (Refer to Procedure 5 Determine who is responsible for case management.) 

This includes support services cases where the young person has a transition officer and is being supported by the Transition and Post Care Support Program.

Offer a support service case to a young person

To help a young person decide whether to consent to a support service case, meet with the young person and discuss:

• the purpose of the support service case (which is to support and assist them in their transition to adulthood until the identified goals of the support plan have been achieved)
• how the intervention will happen, including the need for regular contact and reviews of the support plan
• the expectation that they will actively work to meet their support needs.

Provide the young person with the brochure Support service case: Information for young people transitioning to adulthood which provides information to help them decide whether to agree to a support service case.

Record details of the discussion with the young person in a consent for support service case consent type in Unify. 

Case management by a transition officer

If a young person who is supported by a transition officer from the Transition and Post Care Support programconsents to a support service case, the transition officer will have case management responsibility for the support service case, as outlined in this procedure.

Prior to the transition officer taking case management responsibility, the CSO will ensure:

• the young person has received all of the documents outlined in Provide important documents and information
• all case notes and other documents are recorded in Unify
• review the young person’s case plan to close their ongoing intervention event iin Unify

The case management tab in Unify is updated by the senior team leader.

Develop and record a support plan with a young person

Develop a support plan with the young person and their safety and support network that identifies:

• outstanding tasks from their transition to adulthood plan
• ongoing transition to adulthood goals
• the actions and supports required to address the outstanding tasks and ongoing goals.

When  developing the support plan, consider:

• whether the young person would benefit from a referral to Next Step Plus or Extended Post Care Support. (Refer to Support when you leave care and Procedure 5 Support a young person’s transition to adulthood.)
• any financial support that may be required to support a young person’s transition to adulthood goals.

Record the support plan in Unify and provide a copy to the young person and, with the young person's consent, their safety and support network. 

Implement the support plan with a young person

To implement a support plan with a young person:

• Actively partner with them to achieve the support plan goals and actions within agreed timeframes.
• Maintain regular face-to-face and telephone contact.
• Support their referral to and engagement with the identified support services.
• Obtain information from them and their safety and support network about their progress towards meeting the support plan goals.

A young person may stop participating in a support service case at any time during the intervention. If there are outstanding goals to be achieved for the young person, attempt to re-engage them and discuss the benefits of continued support. If the young person still withdraws their consent, refer to Close a support service case with a young person.

Review a support plan with a young person

A formal review of a support plan must occur with the young person every 6 months. However, each contact with a young person and their network offers an opportunity to review and assess their progress. For a formal review of a young person’s support plan:

• Meet with the young person and their safety and support network to share information about progress towards the goals identified in the support plan.
• Determine the identified goals in the support plan that have been achieved.
• If all identified goals have been achieved and no further support needs have been identified, close the support service case.

Close a support service case with a young person

It is appropriate to close a support service case with a young person when any of the following occurs:

• The goals of the support plan have been achieved
• The young person or their appointed guardian withdraws consent to the intervention
• The CSSC manager decides the support service case will not continue
• A transition officer's line manager (Transition and Post Care Support program) has decided the support service case will not continue.

Before closing a support service case:

• Complete a review of the support plan with the young person and their safety and support network to identify if the goals of the support plan have been achieved
  and
  • if the goals have been achieved, proceed with closing the case
  • if the goals have not been achieved, seek the young person’s consent to continue the support service case and develop a revised support plan.
• Document the review process and outcome.
• Clarify with the young person and their safety and support network what formal and informal support will continue once Child Safety closes the case.

Once the decision has been made to close the support service case:

• inform the young person and their safety and support network of the decision to close the case
  and
• close the case in Unify by completing the closure form.